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Smoking and Male Infertility
from:The argument is that nicotine is a by-product of any leaf that burns. The implication in inhaling smoke coming from burning leaves and foliage is similar to smoking.
What is not highlighted though is that a stick of cigarette contains another 4,000 chemicals, many of which are contributory to impotence. But first, what is impotence and what causes it?
Impotence as commonly defined is the inability of the male to maintain an erection or maintain sufficient erection for a period of time. The failure to maintain the erection (known as erectile dysfunction / impotence) will subsequently fail in delivering whatever sperm is in the glands deeper into the womb if not failing at penetration altogether.
Erection in the male may depend on a lot of things but basically, an erection happens when the penis is sufficiently suffused with blood, under pressure, and prevents the outflow of the blood from the penis. Erection is maintained when the penis is able to hold the blood and maintain the pressure for the duration of the intercourse.
This is where the negative effects of smoking come in.
First, so that smoking is not demonized more than it ought to, it should also be mentioned that the build up of fatty deposits in the arteries causes erectile dysfunction. Smoking alone may not cause this but was contributed by improper diet and lifestyle that was improperly observed.
Having said that, the direct and immediate result of nicotine stimulation in the brain causes the rapid contractions in the tissues of the penis. In medical circles, this is known as vasospasm. The rapid contractions are the main culprit that restricts the blood flow into the penile arteries that in turn causes erectile dysfunction.
To maintain the erection, the blood has to be prevented from an outflow. In the penis is a mechanism that acts like a trap preventing the outflow of the blood known as venous dilation.
Aside from erectile dysfunction, the damage that is caused by smoking to the males’ reproductive health and sexual functioning includes;
§ A reduction in the volume of the ejaculate. An ejaculate will normally yield a volume of 2 to 6 milliliters.
§ Lowered sperm density or sperm count in the ejaculate. Normally, this will have about 120 million sperm cells for every milliliter of ejaculate.
§ Abnormal sperm shape. A spermatozoon has a definite shape already established and used as guidelines in fertility laboratories. Semen that has sperm that are beyond the norm of morphology will render the spermatozoa useless.
§ The World Health Organization has defined the motility of the sperm. Motility is the ability of the sperm to move and swim in a certain direction. Grade A sperm cells are defined as those that move in a straight direction and are very active. Grade D sperms are those that are not moving at all. Grades B and C sperm cells fall somewhere in between. Both the C and D grade will just about be unproductive.
Impotency accounts for almost 10% of man all over the world between the ages of 21 to 75. Smoking will increase the risk of erectile sysfunction to 50% of the man between the ages 30 to 50 years old.
Aside from smoking being directly linked to erectile dysfunction, it also amplifies other illnesses. Damaging the arteries will likely causes heart failure too as the arteries and veins that supplies the blood hardens.
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